| 
  • If you are citizen of an European Union member nation, you may not use this service unless you are at least 16 years old.

  • You already know Dokkio is an AI-powered assistant to organize & manage your digital files & messages. Very soon, Dokkio will support Outlook as well as One Drive. Check it out today!

View
 

Final Project

Page history last edited by PBworks 16 years, 3 months ago

 

 

It’s called The Holy Family in Catalan and its formal title is Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família. Is a massive Roman Catholic basilica located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain designed by the famous architect Antoni Gaudí.

 

 

His construction began in 1882 by the architect Francesc de Paula del Villar i Lozano who, after some disagreements with the promoters they had just begun the crypt, left the direction of the work. Then the task was transferred to Antoni Gaudi dismissing the old project and proposing a new one with constructive approaches of vocation monumental, accentuating symbolism with an exuberant ornamentation.

 

After Gaudí’s death in 1926 the work continued under the direction of Doménech Sugranyes until interrupted by the Spanish Civil War in 1935.

 

Antoni Gaudí worked on the project for over 40 years, devoting the last 15 years of his life entirely to the endeavor; the project is scheduled to be completed in 2026.

 

Parts of the unfinished building and Gaudí's models and workshop were destroyed during the war by Catalan anarchists. The design, as now being constructed, is based both on reconstructed versions of the lost plans and on modern adaptations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The architect designed a church of a basilica plant in five ships, with a cruise of three, setting up a plant of a Latin cross. The current status of the construction reveals the large size of the ships that bear towers of high altitude, measuring the highest of all of them 170 meters.

 

It must be emphasized that Gaudi designed the building within a block of houses of the Ensanche, which forced him to take the space to the maximum, thus conceived cloister surrounding the temple, interrupted only by the facades and the apse. This, like the entire building, has a significant presence of symbolic elements that not only take the form of architecture, but also do that in a sculptural way, with the purpose of expressing the great issues of the Christian doctrine.

The style of the temple is based on the Gothic, from the development of geometric structures regulated and the very ingenious application of decorative elements. The building captures the essence of knowledge and experience Gaudí constructive. It is also remarkable the modulation inside the side windows that filter and distribute the light, as well as the elliptical plants of the bell pierced by a functional spiral stairs.

 

The church is composed by:

 

§         The ground plan: the church shows an integral concept of architecture, where plastics, shapes, nature, symbolism and color constitute a unique and genuine mosaic. This temple is based on an idea of prevalence of the vertical lines, is a building with a five naves Latin cross ground plan and a transept of three more naves.

§      The Bell Towers: 12 bell-towers between 90 m and 112 m high represent the apostles. At a certain height their rhomboidal shape becomes elliptic. The outline of their upper part evocates the crosier of the bishops, their knot symbolizes the ring, and the end of the bell-tower is a double shield similar to a meter, containing a golden cross with the initials of the apostle to whom is dedicated each tower.

§     Cloister: This exterior cloister goes around the apse and the sacristies, and has a chapel dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. The distribution of this cloister is different and innovative, and isolates the Temple from the noise of the city.

 

 

§         Crypt: Located in the underground plan of the apse, the crypt is distributed in seven chapels, a large deambulatory and a circular central area. Ten strong pillars support the central vault, whose arches are crowned by a big keystone decorated with the Annunciation.

§      Passion Façade: This façade is oriented to the west. Sharp geometrical shapes and bare and austere ornamentation are used to represent the passion and death of Jesus Christ. It is located at Sardenya Street.It is composed by a six-column portal that has three entrance doors located between four bell-towers in line. The doors are also dedicated to the Christian virtues.

§         Nativity Façade: This façade, oriented to the east and the rising sun, is dedicated to the birth of Jesus and his life. It is located at Marina Street. The ground plans of the bell-towers are squared and the diagonal of these plans goes perpendicular to the façade, creating in their confluence a tripartite entrance with three portals dedicated to the three Christian virtues: Hope, Faith and Charity.

§        Glory Façade: This will be the main façade of the Temple, but it is not built yet. It will be located at Mallorca Street and oriented to the south. It will be devoted to the Glory of Jesus.To the right and left hand side will be located the chapel of the Holy Sacrament and the Baptistery. There is going to be eleven doors in total, giving entrance to the chapels and the cloister.The portal, supported by 21 columns, will be covered by four vaults under the bell-towers. As the other two façades, three doors will symbolize the Christian virtues and four bell-towers will rise over the entrance.

§         The Apse: The apse, in neogothic style, consists of seven polygonal chapels dedicated to the Joy and the Grief. It presents two circular staircases, and a deambulatory around the presbytery.

§       Dome: The transept and the apse are crowned by six domes dedicated to the four Evangelists, the Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ. This last one, of 170 m high, will be crowned by a cross.

§         Central Nave: The columns of the nave and the apse ramify at a certain high getting slightly inclined in order to support the inner vaults. On the top of the lateral columns along the nave and around the apse there is a flight of steps that will be used as the chorus.

§         Geometric Details: The towers on the Nativity façade are crowned with geometrically shaped tops that are reminiscent of Cubism, and the intricate decoration is contemporary to the style of Art Nouveau, but Gaudí's unique style drew primarily from nature, not other artists or architects, and resists categorization.

 

 

 

Symbolism is always present in Gaudí’s work. If there are twelve towers facades referring to the number of apostles, the auction ceramic of this have the form of Episcopalian mitras, referring to the bishops who are the heirs of the original apostles.

 

 

Architects collaborating with Gaudí in the Sagrada Família works:

- Francesc Berenguer i Mestres

- Josep Maria Jujol i Gibert

- Cèsar Martinell i Brunet

- Joan Rubió i Bellver

Architects following Gaudí in the Sagrada Família works:

- Domènec Sugrañes i Gras

- Francesc Quintana Vidal

- Isidre Puig Boada

- Lluís Bonet i Garí

- Francesc de P. Cardoner i Blanch

Other collaborators of Gaudí:

- Carles Mani i Roig

- Joan Martí i Matlleu

- Llorenç Matamala i Piñol

- Joan Matamala i Flotats

- Ricard Opisso i Sala

 



 

 

 

Comments (0)

You don't have permission to comment on this page.